Variables Used in Elastic Scattering

Lorentz Invariant Quantities

Total 4-Momentums

As was shown earlier the scalar product of a 4-Momentum vector with itself ,

${\mathbf P_1}\cdot {\mathbf P^1}=E_1E_1-\vec p_1\cdot \vec p_1 =m_{1}^2=s$

,

and the length of a 4-Momentum vector composed of 4-Momentum vectors,

${\mathbf P^2}=({\mathbf P_1}+{\mathbf P_2})^2=(E_1+E_2)^2-(\vec p_1 +\vec p_2 )^2=(m_1+m_2)^2=s$

,

are invariant quantities.

It was further shown that

${\mathbf P^*}^2={\mathbf P}^2$

where ${\mathbf P^*}=({\mathbf P_1^*}+{\mathbf P_2^*})^2$ represents the 4-Momentum Vector in the CM frame

and ${\mathbf P}=({\mathbf P_1}+{\mathbf P_2})^2$ represents the 4-Momentum Vector in the initial Lab frame

which can be expanded to

${\mathbf P^*}^2={\mathbf P}^2={\mathbf P^'}^2$

where ${\mathbf P^'}=({\mathbf P_1^'}+{\mathbf P_2^'})^2$ represents the 4-Momentum Vector in the final Lab frame

Mandelstam Representation