Lab 9 RS

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Lab 9: Diode Circuits

Clipping Circuit

1.) Construct the circuit shown below using a silicon diode.

I am going to use:

1) Zener diode 4.7 V 1N5230B-T
2) the resistor [math]R = 10.3 \Omega[/math]

2.) Use a sine wave generator to drive the circuit so [math]V_{in} = V_0 \cos(2 \pi \nu t)[/math] where [math]V_0 = 0.1[/math] V and [math] \nu[/math] = 1kHz. (20 pnts)

3.) Based on your observations using a oscilloscope, sketch the voltages [math]V_{in}[/math] and [math]V_{out}[/math] as a function of time.

4.) Do another sketch for [math]V_0 [/math] = 1.0 V and another for 10.0 V (DONT LET ANY SMOKE OUT!). (20 pnts)

Below my screen save for [math]V_0 [/math] = 1.0 V

And below my screen save for [math]V_0 [/math] = 10.0 V

For the last sketch the output voltage is [math]V_{out} = 8.6\ V[/math]. Let's estimate the power dissipated in resistor and diode. The current can be calculated by [math]I=\frac{V_{out}}{R}=\frac{8.6\ V}{10.3\ k\Omega} = 0.83\ mA[/math].

The resistor power is given by [math]P_R=I\cdot V_{out} = 0.83\ mA \cdot 8.6\ V = 7.14\ mW[/math]. So we are OK here.

The diode power is given by [math]P_R=I\cdot V_{diode} = 0.83\ mA \cdot (10 - 8.6)\ V = 1.16\ mW[/math]. So we are OK here as well. No any smoke out.

Differentiating Circuit with clipping

1) Construct the circuit below.

2) Select [math]R_1[/math] and [math]R_2[/math] such that the current from the +5V DC source is less than 1.0 mA and the DC voltage at [math]V_{out}[/math] is 3 V when there is no input pulse.

Because we want to keep the current below [math]1\ mA[/math] and using [math]I = \frac{V}{R_1+R_2} \leq 1\ mA[/math]. Solving this inequality we get the first condition for [math]R_1[/math] and [math]R_2[/math]

 [math]1)\ \ R_1+R_2 \geq \frac{5\ V}{1\ mA} = 5\ k\Omega[/math]

Also because we want [math]V_{out} = 3\ V[/math] and using [math]V_{out} = V_{in}\cdot\frac{R_2}{R_1+R_2}[/math]. Without any input pulse [math]V_{in} = 5\ V[/math]. Solving this simple equation we get the second condition for [math]R_1[/math] and [math]R_2[/math]

 [math]2)\ \ R_1 = 1.5\ R_2[/math]

I am going to use [math]R_1 = 10\ k\Omega[/math] and [math]R_2 = 15\ k\Omega[/math] which satisfy both conditions above

3) Select a capacitor [math](C)[/math] and a pulse width [math]\tau[/math] to form a differentiating circuit for the pulse from the signal generator. Hint: [math]R_{12}C \ll \tau[/math].

Taking [math]R_1=10.15\ k\Omega[/math] and [math]R_2=14.90\ k\Omega \Rightarrow R_{12}=\frac{R_1 R_2}{(R_1+R_2)} = 6.04\ k\Omega[/math]. Also taking [math]C = 9.65\ nF[/math]. Now I can calculate time constant for my [math]RC[/math]cuircuit [math]R_{12}C = 58.3\ us[/math].

By selecting the pulse width [math]\tau \approx 400.0\ ms \gg 58.3\ us[/math] I will be able to make a good differentiator circuit. 

4) plot [math]V_{in}[/math] and [math]V_{out}[/math] as a function of time using your scope observations. (20 pnts)

Below the plot of input and output signal for [math]V_{in} = 1\ Volts[/math]

In the plot below I changed the input voltage to [math]V_{in} = 3\ Volts[/math].

As we can see the output signal has changed as well. So there is no any clipping off of output signal.

5) Now add the diode circuit from part 1 to prevent [math]V_{out}[/math] from rising above +5 V. Sketch the new circuit below.

6) plot [math]V_{in}[/math] and [math]V_{out}[/math] as a function of time with the diode circuit you added using your scope observations. (the diode should clip off positive spikes) (20 pnts)

Below the plot of input and output signal for [math]V_{in} = 1\ Volts[/math] with clipping off diode

Here I changed the input voltage to [math]V_{in} = 3\ Volts[/math]

As we can see the output signal doesn't changed.

Now my diode clipping off the positive signal at about +5 V and clipping off the negative signal at about -1 V. And the output doesn't change when we change the amplitude of input signal.

Questions

1. Explain your results in parts 1 & 2 in terms of the diode turn-on voltage. (20 pnts)

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