PAA CoincidenceCounting

ADC non-linearity

Canberra Model 9615 < 0.04% (integral) over 2usec

Canberra Model 9633 < 0.025% (integral) < 0.9% (differential), +10V range into 1kOhm, 8192 channels, 100 usec signal width => 100 pC/chan

CAEN V792 < 0.1% (integral), 200 fC/chan

CAEN digitizer VX1492, 14 bit, 10 Volt range

Coinc Scope pictures

First pict with ADC gate

Two HpGe detectors were used to detect coincidence gammas from Co-60 on 6/14/2013.

Co-60 will beta decay to Ni-60 giving off two gammas in coincidence having energies of 1173 and 1332.5 keV. The scope pictures below record the pulses from the HpGe detector that are in coincidence. I would have expected the charge output by the HpGe detector to be similar for the two gammas, but there are some that have less than half the charge. The could be the beta particles from the decay reaching one of the detectors in coincidence with one of the gammas.

First Singles Spectrum

Detector B

Detector 180-3

50 keV Energy resolution from an HpGe detector??

I think the inverting amp is too noisy:

The Signal is about 400 mV and the above noise is 37 mV peak-to-peak and it is syncronized with my integrate gate

The voltage variations of the timing amp output in the region of the integrate gate are about +/- 10 mV

Singles Spectrum (2nd attempt)

Using detector 180-3

HV = -2800 Volts

Run 5446, Co-60 and Na-22 sources are in at the same time, attenuation is 18 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 3000 -> 3500 channels in ADC spectrum

Two Co-60 Lines

Mean 2.94555e+03 +/- 7.23197e-01 Sigma 7.61455e+01 +/- 8.86697e-01

Mean 3.63275e+03 +/- 8.39279e-01 Sigma 7.45542e+01 +/- 1.04796e+00

1.2 meV na-22 line

Mean 3.37891e+03 +/- 1.07859e+00 Sigma 6.26450e+01 +/- 1.73063e+00

Run 5447, Na-22 source, attenuation is 18 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 3000 -> 3500 channels in ADC spectrum Mean 3.38431e+03 +/- 1.29456e-01 Sigma 1.12914e-01 +/- 2.59220e-02

Run 5448, Na-22 source, attenuation is 14 db, 0.511 Mev photon peaks are around 1000 channels in ADC spectrum

Run 5449, Na-22 source, attenuation is 12 db, 0.511 Mev photon peaks are around 2500 channels in ADC spectrum

Mean 2.60181e+03 +/- 8.10190e-01 Sigma 5.97964e+01 +/- 6.63405e-01

Run 5450, Co-60 source, attenuation is 12 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 3000-> overflow channels in ADC spectrum

Run 5451, Co-60 source, attenuation is 13 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 2500 -> 3500 channels in ADC spectrum

Low energy 1.2 MeV peak

Mean 2.64173e+03 +/- 1.35816e+00 Sigma 1.03518e+02 +/- 1.49690e+00

High energy 1.3 MeV peak Mean 3.33157e+03 +/- 1.36696e+00 Sigma 1.01444e+02 +/- 1.15611e+00

Run 5452, Na-22 source, attenuation is 13 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 2500 -> 3500 channels in ADC spectrum

Mean 3.02266e+03 +/- 1.53757e+00 Sigma 5.26142e+01 +/- 1.61646e+00

Run 5453, NO source, attenuation is 13 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 2500 -> 3500 channels in ADC spectrum, run started at 17:18:27 on July 23 ended on July 24 at 15:34:05

Run 5484, Na-22 and Co-60 source, attenuation is 14 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 2600 -> 3600 channels in ADC spectrum, Na-22 and Co-60 peaks are separable unlike in detector B

Run 5484, Na-22 source, attenuation is 8 db, 0.5 Mev photon peaks are around 2000 channels in ADC spectrum

Using detector B

HV = +4520 Volts

Run 5466, Na-22 source, attenuation is 17 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 2300 channels in ADC spectrum

Run 5470, Co-60 source, attenuation is 17 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 2300 channels in ADC spectrum

Run 5471 & 5472, Na-22 and Co-60 sources both in, attenuation is 17 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 2300 channels in ADC spectrum

Run 5474, Na-22 source, attenuation is 12 db, 0.5 Mev photon peaks are around 1000 channels in ADC spectrum

The above runs used the same input lines that were used for detector 180-3, Now I put Detector B through its own signal lines and the attenuation needed changes

Run 5477, Na-22 source, attenuation is 9 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 3000 channels in ADC spectrum

Run 5478, Co-60 source, attenuation is 9 db, 1 Mev photon peaks are around 3000 channels in ADC spectrum

Run 5480, Na-22 source, attenuation is 3 db, 0.5 Mev photon peaks are around 1500 channels in ADC spectrum

Singles SPectrum 3rd attempt (Peak sensing ADC)

Using the CAEN 785 peak sensing ADC I was able to increase the dynamic range and take positive going pulses.

Below are the first two spectra with sources and almost no discrimination

Detector 180-3

Run Number	Description
5632	Na-22 1 uCi source
5633	Co-60 1 uCi Source
5634	Co-60 1 uCi Source, set threshold on Ortec Const Fraction Timing Disc model 2035A to 20 mV
5635	Co-60 1 uCi Source, set threshold on Ortec Const Fraction Timing Disc model 2035A to 10 mV
5636	Na-22 1 uCi Source, set threshold on Ortec Const Fraction Timing Disc model 2035A to 10 mV

Calibration Fit

Spectrum of 60Co, peaks at 1.17 and 1.33 MeV

Co60: http://ie.lbl.gov/toi/nuclide.asp?iZA=270060

Two peaks at 1173.2374 keV and 1332.5015 keV

Na22 Spectrum: 1274.532 keV

Na22: http://ie.lbl.gov/toi/nuclide.asp?iZA=110022

Na22 emits: 0.510998928(11) MeV

Run Number	Source	Energy (keV)	Fit
5636	Na-22	510.998928	1215
5635	Co-60	1173.2374	2709
5636	Na-22	1274.532	2937
5635	Co-60	1332.5015	3068

Fit:

slope = 2.26 +/- 0.003

intercept= 62.45 +/- 2.59

Looks like I have 3 keV resolution or less on detector 180-3

Run Number	Source	Energy (keV)	Fit
5636	Na-22	510.998928	1215
5635	Co-60	1173.2374	2709
5636	Na-22	1274.532	2937
5635	Co-60	1332.5015	3068

Coincidence Tests

Detector B is in ADC Ch9, TDC18

Detector 180-2 is in ADC CH5, TDC16

Run Number	Description
5644	Na-22 1 uCi Source, set threshold on Ortec Const Fraction Timing Disc model 2035A to 10 mV
5645	Co-60 1 uCi Source, set threshold on Ortec Const Fraction Timing Disc model 2035A to 10 mV
5667	First Coincidence run, a coincidence is required in the logic unit, the coincidence window is about 1usec wide (probably a lot of accidentals), source is Co-60 1 uCi, , I have increased the CFD lower threshold to remove, via hardware, photon energies below 800 keV(Detector 180-3 CFD lower threshold was 200 and detector B was 150, the rate was about 6 Hz, run time was 14 minutes 22 seconds
5668	Now the logic unit is switched to OR mode, everything else is the same as run 5667, the rate was about 1 kHz, run time was 14 minutes 25 seconds
5669	Now the logic unit is switched to OR mode, and the CFD lower threshold is reduce to about 100 keV (10 on the CFD lower threshold pot) , everything else is the same as run 5667, the rate was about 3 kHz, run time was 10 minutes, The ROC crashed probably due to the 3 kHz rate.
5670	Now the logic unit is switched to AND mode, and the CFD lower threshold is reduce to about 100 keV (10 on the CFD lower threshold pot) , everything else is the same as run 5667, the rate was about 100 Hz, run time was 13 minutes 56 seconds
5671	same as run 5670 but now there is a 100 uCi Co-60 source, the rate was about 10 Hz, run time was 1 minutes, I think there is a lot of pile up so ignore this run
5672	same as run 5670 but now there is NO source, the rate was about 2 Hz, run time was 20 hours 6 minutes, The coincidence window of 1 usec seems to be way to wide.
5673	same as run 5667 but now the coincidence window is reduced from 1 usec to 10 ns, the rate was about 9 Hz, run time was 11 minutes, 32 seconds.
5674	same as run 5667 but now the Logic unit is in OR mode and the CFD output pulse width is 5 ns using a leading edge discriminator, the rate was about 3 kHz, run time was 1 minutes, 27 seconds.
5675	same as run 5673 but now the CFD output pulse width is 200 ns using a leading edge discriminator, the rate was about 70 Hz, run time was 8 minutes, 25 seconds.
5676	same as run 5674 but now the source is 100 nCi instead of 1 uCi, the CFD output pulse width is 2 ns using a leading edge discriminator, the rate was about 700 Hz, run time was minutes, seconds.
5685	same as run 5676 but the logic module is in AND mode, the CFD output pulse width is 100 ns using a leading edge discriminator, the rate was about 10 Hz, run time was 14 minutes, 1 seconds.
5686	same as run 5676 but the logic module is in OR mode, the CFD output pulse width is 100 ns using a leading edge discriminator, the rate was about 900 Hz, run time was 4 minutes, seconds. Something wrong with the readout, I see 4 peaks for Co-60 when there were only 2 in other runs (Maybe deadtime is too high and I am getting pile up?)
5687	same as run 5685 but source is Na-22 1 uCi, the CFD output pulse width is 100 ns using a leading edge discriminator, the rate was about 900 Hz, run time was 4 minutes, seconds. S
5688	same as run 5687 but increase low energy discrimination from 10 to 15, the CFD output pulse width is 100 ns using a leading edge discriminator, the rate was about 900 Hz, run time was 4 minutes, seconds. S

5679, Copper Irradiated for 1 hour at 40 Mev, 1 kW

The Canbera Constant Fracting TIming SCA Model 2035A has an unadjustable output width of 600 ns

Proposed Apparatus

We propose to acquire two 14 bit digitizers (flash ADCs), a muli-hit time-to-digital converter, and the associated NIM electronics needed to supplement our current VME based data acquisition system. The availability of precision analog digitizers and pipeline time to digital converters allows the construction of a data acquisition system to record the pulse shape and time information that will allow the reconstruction of individual coincidence events. The most common method used to record photon spectroscopy information does so by accumulating events thereby loosing any temporal information. We propose a coincidence counting system which records the wave form of each coincidence event along with a time stamp. The system will allow a post data taking analysis that can increase the coincidence time constraint beyond the original requirement and ascertain the degree of confidence in identifying the decay under consideration.

Isotopes for CPAA

Au

neutron knockout

Knock a neutron out of natural gold such that an excited state of Au-196 remains that will undergo electron capture to Pt-196 with a half life of 6 days or 2% of the time it can be left in a meta stable state with two possible half lifes of 8 seconds or 9 hours.

[math]{197 \atop\; }Au (\gamma,n){196 \atop \; }Au[/math]

Au-196 Meta state

The 8 sec metastable state of Au-196 decays through the emission of only one 84.66 keV photon.

The 9.6 hour metastable state has high intensity gamma lines at 147.81 keV and 188.27 keV.

Pt-196 decay EC decay

[math]{196 \atop \; }Au \rightarrow {196 \atop \; }Pt^* [/math] with a half life of 6 days.

The Pt-196 has a 355.73 dominant (100% relative intensity) gamma line that goes to the 256.2 state giving off a 97.3 keV photon

proton knockout

[math]{197 \atop\; }Au-79 (\gamma,p){196 \atop \; }Pt-78[/math]

Filling Ln2

Date	Detector
8/7/13	B	I filled Detector B for 20 minutes with the valve open 1/2 turn and the detector completely warm.
8/8/13	B	Detector B was still cold after 26 hours, I filled it at 1/2 turn flow rate for 15 minutes

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