Difference between revisions of "Z pinch/x pinch worldwide Installations"
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| − | '''Z-Pinch | + | '''Z-Pinch machines''' |
*Sandia National Laboratories, '''Z machine''' (1996): 18 MA 100 ns [http://www.sandia.gov/z-machine/] | *Sandia National Laboratories, '''Z machine''' (1996): 18 MA 100 ns [http://www.sandia.gov/z-machine/] | ||
*Sandia National Laboratories, '''ZR (Refurbished)''' (2006): 27 MA, 95 ns | *Sandia National Laboratories, '''ZR (Refurbished)''' (2006): 27 MA, 95 ns | ||
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| − | + | '''X-Pinch worldwide installations above 1 MA''' | |
*8 MA, '''SATURN''' at Sandia National Laboratories | *8 MA, '''SATURN''' at Sandia National Laboratories | ||
*4 MA, 100 ns, '''ANGARA-5-1''' at TRINITI, Russia [http://www.triniti.ru/Triniti_eng/Base1.html] | *4 MA, 100 ns, '''ANGARA-5-1''' at TRINITI, Russia [http://www.triniti.ru/Triniti_eng/Base1.html] | ||
*2.3 MA, 150 ns, '''S-300''' at Lebedev Institute, Moscow | *2.3 MA, 150 ns, '''S-300''' at Lebedev Institute, Moscow | ||
*2.0 MA, 80 ns, <span style="color:OrangeRed">'''QiangGuang-1 (hybrid LTD-based and PFL)'''</span> at Institute of Northwest Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, China | *2.0 MA, 80 ns, <span style="color:OrangeRed">'''QiangGuang-1 (hybrid LTD-based and PFL)'''</span> at Institute of Northwest Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, China | ||
| + | *1.8 MA, 150 ns, '''MAGPIE''' at Imperial College, London [http://dorland.pp.ph.ic.ac.uk/magpie/] | ||
*1.5 MA, 300 nsec, '''Dense Z-pinch''' at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, USA [http://wwwppd.nrl.navy.mil/branches/6770/] | *1.5 MA, 300 nsec, '''Dense Z-pinch''' at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, USA [http://wwwppd.nrl.navy.mil/branches/6770/] | ||
| − | + | *1.2 MA, 90 ns, '''Zebra''' at University of Nevada, USA [http://www.unr.edu/ntf/facility/zebra] | |
| − | *1.2 MA, 90 ns, '''Zebra''' at University of Nevada, USA [http://www | ||
| − | |||
*1 MA, 100 ns, '''COBRA''' at Cornell University, USA [http://www.plasmacenter.cornell.edu/cobra.html] | *1 MA, 100 ns, '''COBRA''' at Cornell University, USA [http://www.plasmacenter.cornell.edu/cobra.html] | ||
*1 MA, 100 ns, <span style="color:OrangeRed">'''MAIZE (LTD-based)'''</span> at University of Michigan, USA [http://www-ners.engin.umich.edu/labs/plasma/Research/ZPinch.html] | *1 MA, 100 ns, <span style="color:OrangeRed">'''MAIZE (LTD-based)'''</span> at University of Michigan, USA [http://www-ners.engin.umich.edu/labs/plasma/Research/ZPinch.html] | ||
| + | '''X-Pinch worldwide installations below 1 MA''' | ||
*650 kA, 390 ns, '''Compact Submicrosecond High Current Generator''' at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk | *650 kA, 390 ns, '''Compact Submicrosecond High Current Generator''' at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk | ||
*500 kA, 500 ns, '''Capacitive Discharge Driver''' at Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel | *500 kA, 500 ns, '''Capacitive Discharge Driver''' at Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel | ||
*500 kA, 1.3 us, '''CePaST X-Pinch System''' at Florida A&M University [http://www.physics.famu.edu/cepast.php] | *500 kA, 1.3 us, '''CePaST X-Pinch System''' at Florida A&M University [http://www.physics.famu.edu/cepast.php] | ||
| − | *470 kA, | + | *470 kA, 40 ns, '''XP Pulser''' at Cornell University [http://www.plasmacenter.cornell.edu/XPPulser.html] |
| − | *470 kA, 80 ns, '''LION''' at Cornell University | + | *470 kA, 80 ns, '''LION (now is COBRA?)''' at Cornell University |
*400 kA, 260 ns, '''Llampüdkeñ''' at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile [http://www.fis.puc.cl/~plasma/] | *400 kA, 260 ns, '''Llampüdkeñ''' at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile [http://www.fis.puc.cl/~plasma/] | ||
*400 kA, 100 ns, '''PPG-1''' at at Tsinghua University, Beijing, China | *400 kA, 100 ns, '''PPG-1''' at at Tsinghua University, Beijing, China | ||
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| + | '''X-Pinch worldwide installations, smale-sized and table-top''' | ||
*300 kA, 200 ns, '''MINI''' at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk | *300 kA, 200 ns, '''MINI''' at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk | ||
*300 kA, 200 ns, <span style="color:OrangeRed">'''Compact Pulse Power Generator (based on Low Inductance Capacitors)'''</span> at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk | *300 kA, 200 ns, <span style="color:OrangeRed">'''Compact Pulse Power Generator (based on Low Inductance Capacitors)'''</span> at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk | ||
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*100 kA, 60 ns, '''Table Top''' at Beijing, China | *100 kA, 60 ns, '''Table Top''' at Beijing, China | ||
*80 kA, 40 ns, '''X-Pinch Pulser''' at University of California, San Diego [http://fbeg.ucsd.edu/machines.shtml] | *80 kA, 40 ns, '''X-Pinch Pulser''' at University of California, San Diego [http://fbeg.ucsd.edu/machines.shtml] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | flash radiography machines | ||
| + | *1 MA, 50 ns, '''Gamble II''' at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, USA [http://wwwppd.nrl.navy.mil/branches/6770/] | ||
Latest revision as of 03:40, 20 March 2015
Fact: As of 2012 Fusion shot simulations at 60 to 70 million amperes are showing a 100 to 1000 fold return on input energy
Worldwide Installations able to produce ICF
- National_Ignition_Facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [1]
- Laser_Megajoule in Bordeaux, France [2]
Z-Pinch machines
- Sandia National Laboratories, Z machine (1996): 18 MA 100 ns [3]
- Sandia National Laboratories, ZR (Refurbished) (2006): 27 MA, 95 ns
- Sandia National Laboratories, future ZN (Z Neutron): 20 and 30 MJ per short
- Sandia National Laboratories, future Z-IFE (Z-inertial fusion energy): 70 MA, 1 PetaWatt
X-Pinch worldwide installations above 1 MA
- 8 MA, SATURN at Sandia National Laboratories
- 4 MA, 100 ns, ANGARA-5-1 at TRINITI, Russia [4]
- 2.3 MA, 150 ns, S-300 at Lebedev Institute, Moscow
- 2.0 MA, 80 ns, QiangGuang-1 (hybrid LTD-based and PFL) at Institute of Northwest Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, China
- 1.8 MA, 150 ns, MAGPIE at Imperial College, London [5]
- 1.5 MA, 300 nsec, Dense Z-pinch at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, USA [6]
- 1.2 MA, 90 ns, Zebra at University of Nevada, USA [7]
- 1 MA, 100 ns, COBRA at Cornell University, USA [8]
- 1 MA, 100 ns, MAIZE (LTD-based) at University of Michigan, USA [9]
X-Pinch worldwide installations below 1 MA
- 650 kA, 390 ns, Compact Submicrosecond High Current Generator at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk
- 500 kA, 500 ns, Capacitive Discharge Driver at Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
- 500 kA, 1.3 us, CePaST X-Pinch System at Florida A&M University [10]
- 470 kA, 40 ns, XP Pulser at Cornell University [11]
- 470 kA, 80 ns, LION (now is COBRA?) at Cornell University
- 400 kA, 260 ns, Llampüdkeñ at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile [12]
- 400 kA, 100 ns, PPG-1 at at Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- 320 kA, 1.2 us, Imperial College, London
X-Pinch worldwide installations, smale-sized and table-top
- 300 kA, 200 ns, MINI at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk
- 300 kA, 200 ns, Compact Pulse Power Generator (based on Low Inductance Capacitors) at Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk
- 300 kA, 200 ns, SPAS (based on Low Inductance Capacitors) at Lebedev Institute, Moscow
- 270 kA, 100 ns, BIN at Lebedev Institute, Moscow
- 250 kA, 150 ns, GenASIS (LTD-based cavity) at University of California, San Diego [13]
- 250 kA, 180 ns, PIAF (based on Low Inductance Capacitors) at Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
- 200 kA, xxx ns, Light II-A at China
- 180 kA, 120 ns, GEPOPU at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- 150 kA, 30 ns, DON at Lebedev Institute, Moscow
- 100 kA, 60 ns, Table Top at Beijing, China
- 80 kA, 40 ns, X-Pinch Pulser at University of California, San Diego [14]
flash radiography machines
- 1 MA, 50 ns, Gamble II at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, USA [15]